A PEMDAS (Parenthesis, Exponential, Multiply, Division, Addition, Subtraction) rule is used for the precedence of operators in Python. Operators having the same priority are evaluated from left to right.

1. Python Arithmetic Operator

It is used for mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, etc.

x = 10
y = 5
print('x + y =',x+y) #Addition
print('x - y =',x-y) #Substraction
print('x * y =',x*y) #Multiplication
print('x / y =',x/y) #Division
print('x // y =',x//y) #Floor Division
print('x ** y =',x**y) #Exponent

2. Python Comparison Operators

It is used to compare values between operands.

x = 121
y = 101

print('x > y is', x > y) # Greater than
print('x < y is', x < y) # Less than
print('x == y is', x == y) # Equal to
print('x != y is', x != y) # Not equal to
print('x >= y is', x >= y) # Greater than or equal to
print('x <= y is', x <= y) # Less than or equal to

Explanation:

• x > y: Checks if x is greater than y (True in this case).
• x < y: Checks if x is less than y (False here).
• x == y: Checks if x is equal to y (False here).
• x != y: Checks if x is not equal to y (True here).
• x >= y: Checks if x is greater than or equal to y (True here).
• x <= y: Checks if x is less than or equal to y (False here).

3. Python Logical Operators

x = True
y = False
print('x and y is',x and y) #if both are true
print('x or y is',x or y) #if either one is true
print('not x is',not x) #returns the complement

4. Python Bitwise Operators

It is used to manipulate bit values

a = 6
b = 3
print ('a=',a,':',bin(a),'b=',b,':',bin(b)) c = 0
c = a & b
print ("result of AND is ", c,':',bin(c))
c = a | b
print ("result of OR is ", c,':',bin(c))
c = a ^ b
print ("result of EXOR is ", c,':',bin(c))
c = ~a
print ("result of COMPLEMENT is ", c,':',bin(c))
c = a << 2
print ("result of LEFT SHIFT is ", c,':',bin(c))
c = a>>2
print ("result of RIGHT SHIFT is ", c,':',bin(c))

5. Python Membership Operators

Test for membership in a sequence

a = 5
b = 10
list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]
if ( a in list ):
    print ("Line 1 - a is available in the given list")
else:
    print ("Line 1 - a is not available in the given list")
if ( b not in list ):
    print ("Line 2 - b is not available in the given list")
else:
    print ("Line 2 - b is available in the given list")

6. Python Identity Operators

It checks if values on either side of the equality operator point to the same object.

a = 14
b = 14
print ('Line 1','a=',a,':',id(a), 'b=',b,':',id(b))
if ( a is b ):
   print ("Line 2 - a and b have same identity")
else:
   print ("Line 2 - a and b do not have same identity")