Python is known for its simplicity and readability, making it a great programming language for beginners. Here’s a detailed guide to Python syntax with examples.

Key Characteristics of Python Syntax

1. Whitespace and Indentation:

   • Python uses indentation (spaces or tabs) to define code blocks instead of braces {} or keywords like begin/end.
   • Proper indentation is mandatory, and incorrect indentation will result in errors.

2. Case Sensitivity:

   • Python is case-sensitive. For example, variable and Variable are treated as distinct identifiers.

3. Line Structure:

   • Each statement typically occupies a single line.
   • Use a backslash () to continue a statement across multiple lines.

Basic Syntax Elements

1. Comments

• Use the # symbol to write comments in Python. Comments are ignored during execution and are used to explain code.

2. Variables and Assignment

• Variables store data. No explicit declaration is required.

3. Data Types

• Python supports several data types: int, float, str, bool, list, tuple, dict, and set.

Indentation

In Python, indentation is used to define blocks of code, such as functions, loops, and conditionals.

• Indentation must be consistent. For example:
  • Either use 4 spaces or a single tab per level of indentation.

if 6 > 3:
print("Six is greater than three") # Indented block

Basic Operations

1. Arithmetic Operators

• Perform basic arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

2. Comparison Operators

• Compare values (e.g., equal, greater than, less than).

3. Logical Operators

• Perform logical operations like and, or, and not.